Abstract
Objective: To determine pharmacognostic and phytochemical standards helpful to ensure the purity, safety and efficacy of mature leaf of Jambu (E.jambolana) and Kshudra Jambu (S.caryophyllatum) and critically analyze the results by comparing the two drugs. Methodology: Intact leaf, leaf powders and extracts of two trees were examined macro-microscopically and pharmacognostic standardization parameters were determined according to WHO guidelines. Parameters such as extractive values, ash values and loss on drying were determined. Preliminary phytochemical tests and chromatographic profiling were performed for the identification and standardization of E.jambolana and S.caryophyllatum. The above parameters were compared to know which had better qualities. Conclusion: The size, shape, color, odor and surface characteristics were noted for intact drug and powdered drug material of E.jambolana and S.caryophyllatum. Powder microscopy revealed useful diagnostic features like cluster crystals in Jambu and rosette crystals in Kshudra Jambu. Phytochemical analysis revealed some chemical constituents like alkaloids, phenols and triterpenoids in both the drugs. HPTLC analysis revealed that Jambu leaf had more bands in long UV range and fewer bands in short UV range than Kshudra Jambu. After derivatization both drugs showed 2 bands in same range. phyto-pharmacognostic analysis proved that both Jambu and Kshudra Jambu have same phytochemical parameters, but differ in HPTLC bands in short and long UV ranges.

Key words: Jambu, Kshudra Jambu, comparison, pharmacognosy, phytochemistry, standardization